First and foremost, there is no magical registration that protects your Trade Mark all over the world. Trade Mark rights are national rights.
An International Registration is a mechanism that allows Trade Marks protection to extend to other countries who are a party to the Madrid Protocol or the Madrid Agreement.
The International Registration system is administered by the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) and this system simplifies the process of registering a Trade Mark in several member countries by avoiding the need to file an application in each separate country. Instead, you use your home application or registration to file as an International Registration and then designate the countries that you wish protection to be extended into.
After the WIPO formalities have been completed, the Trade Mark then goes through the national application process in the member countries.